The politics of India work within the framework of a federal parliamentary constitutional republic. The President of India is the head of state, while the Prime Minister of India is the head of the Government and leader of the executive branch. The Constitution of India defines Executive, Judiciary and Legislative branches of government while they are defined by Acts and Regulations passed by legislature. Within these branches, there exist both federal and state governments with defined structure and authority. India is a federation with a parliamentary system of government. Unlike many of the other republics in the world, India has not adopted the federal system. Instead, it has retained the Westminster System. It consists of 25 states and 7 union territories. Its legislature is bicameral in nature such that it has an upper house called Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and a lower house called Lok Sabha (House of the People).
India is the world’s most populous democracy.
The politics of India works within the framework of the country’s Constitution. India is a parliamentary democratic secular republic in which the President of India is the head of state and the Prime Minister of India is the head of government. It is based on the federal structure of government although the word is not used in the constitution itself but often described as such. There is a bicameral parliament operating under parliamentary system consisting of an upper house, Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and a lower house, Lok Sabha (House of People). The Indian constitution provides for an independent Judiciary which is headed by the Supreme Court. Union Government or Central Government is divided into executive, legislature and judiciary.
Indian Constitution is a most important document in the country
India follows the dual polity system, i.e. a double government (federal in nature) that consists of the central authority at the center and states at the periphery. The Indian constitution provides for a Parliamentary system of government and consists three main functionaries: The executive, led by Prime Minister; Legislature, consisting of elected representatives from both houses Parliament; And thirdly Judiciary, consisting Supreme Court and High Courts at various states level.
This article is about political system in India.
Each state has its own unicameral legislature, called Vidhan Sabha or Legislative Assembly, which consists of members directly elected from local constituencies; each member serves for 5 years. Each state also has a Vidhan Parishad or Legislative Council, an upper house consisting of members indirectly elected by various methods and appointed by governor. Each state is further divided into Districts governed by District Collectors under Ministry of Home Affairs (India), Government of India.
The Indian economy is one of the fastest growing economies in the world which is currently being led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. During his tenure since 2014, he has introduced several economic and infrastructure reforms to transform the country into a political agenda.
The Indian constitution assigns a unified judiciary system headed by Supreme Court, with power to interpret the constitution. It has been witnessing an increasing number of public interest litigations based on human rights issues since 1980s. A large number of cases are pending in various courts across India for years together due to judicial delay and backlog. As per a study conducted by National Law University Delhi in 2008, there were 30.5 million cases pending in various courts across India as on January 1 2008.[2] This includes 12.8 million cases – 39% – that have been pending for more than five years.[2] According to another report published in 2010, there were 33 million cases pending in various courts across India as on January 1 2010
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